RMD Calculator 2026 — Required Minimum Distribution (SECURE 2.0)
Calculate your RMD using the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table with SECURE 2.0 age rules (73 for born 1951-1959, 75 for born 1960+). See 10-year projected RMDs and your life expectancy factor.
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Failure to take your full RMD has consequences
If you fail to take your full RMD by December 31, you may owe a 25% excise tax on the amount NOT withdrawn. Under SECURE 2.0, this penalty is reduced to 10% if the shortfall is corrected within a 2-year window.
The first RMD can be delayed to April 1 of the following year, but if you do, you must take two RMDs in that year — both will be taxable income.
Projected RMD amounts assuming your account grows at 6.0% annually between distributions, using the Uniform Lifetime Table.
| Year / Age | Balance (Start) | IRS Factor | RMD |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2028(Age 73) | $561,800 | 26.5 | $21,200 |
| 2029(Age 74) | $573,036 | 25.5 | $22,472 |
| 2030(Age 75) | $583,598 | 24.6 | $23,723 |
| 2031(Age 76) | $593,467 | 23.7 | $25,041 |
| 2032(Age 77) | $602,532 | 22.9 | $26,311 |
| 2033(Age 78) | $610,793 | 22.0 | $27,763 |
| 2034(Age 79) | $618,012 | 21.1 | $29,290 |
| 2035(Age 80) | $624,046 | 20.2 | $30,893 |
The SECURE 2.0 Act (signed December 2022) changed the age at which RMDs must begin, phased in over several years. Your birth year determines which rule applies to you.
| Birth Year | RMD Start Age | Governing Law |
|---|---|---|
| Born 1950 or earlier | 72 | SECURE Act 1.0 |
| Born 1951–1959You | 73 | SECURE 2.0 (2023) |
| Born 1960 or later | 75 | SECURE 2.0 (2033) |
Important: First RMD Deadline
Your first RMD can be delayed to April 1 of the year after you reach your RMD start age. All subsequent RMDs must be taken by December 31 each year. Delaying the first RMD means you will owe two taxable distributions in that same calendar year, which could push you into a higher tax bracket.
The Formula
The account balance used is the December 31 value from the prior year. The IRS Life Expectancy Factor comes from either the Uniform Lifetime Table (most account owners) or the Joint Life Expectancy Table (when the sole beneficiary is a spouse more than 10 years younger).
Variable Definitions
Prior Year-End Balance
The fair market value of all your traditional IRAs and qualified plan accounts as of December 31 of the prior year. Roth IRAs are excluded — they have no RMDs during the owner's lifetime.
IRS Distribution Period
A divisor published by the IRS in Publication 590-B. It decreases each year as you age, which increases the percentage you must withdraw. Under SECURE 2.0 the tables were updated in 2022 to reflect longer life expectancies, slightly reducing RMD amounts.
Required Beginning Date
Under the SECURE 2.0 Act, the age at which RMDs must begin depends on your birth year: born 1950 or earlier → age 72; born 1951–1959 → age 73; born 1960 or later → age 75. Your first RMD can be delayed to April 1 of the following year, but you will then owe two RMDs in that year.
How to Use This Calculator
- 1
Enter your birth year so the calculator can determine your RMD start age under SECURE 2.0.
- 2
Enter your total retirement account balance as of December 31 of the prior year. Include all Traditional IRAs and qualified employer plans (401k, 403b, 457b). Do NOT include Roth IRAs.
- 3
Select whether your sole beneficiary is a spouse who is more than 10 years younger. If yes, the Joint Life Expectancy Table applies and gives a longer distribution period (lower RMD).
- 4
Enter your expected annual return to see how your RMDs are projected to change over the next 10 years as your balance grows between distributions.
- 5
Review the penalty warning — failing to take your full RMD results in a 25% excise tax on the shortfall (reduced to 10% if corrected within a 2-year window under SECURE 2.0).
Common Applications
- Calculate your required minimum distribution amount for the current year based on your retirement account balance and IRS life expectancy tables.
- Plan for future RMDs by projecting how account growth between distributions affects your annual required withdrawal amounts.
- Understand the SECURE 2.0 rules including the updated starting ages and potential 25 percent penalty for missed distributions.
RMDs require withdrawing a minimum percentage of your retirement account each year starting at age 72-75, with the percentage increasing as you age
Understanding the Concept
RMDs exist because the government allowed you to defer taxes on contributions and growth inside traditional retirement accounts. Eventually, it wants those taxes paid. The IRS requires you to withdraw a minimum amount each year, calculated by dividing your account balance by a life expectancy factor. SECURE 2.0 (signed into law December 2022) pushed the starting age to 73 for those born 1951–1959 and to 75 for those born 1960 or later, giving retirees more time for tax-deferred growth. Accounts subject to RMDs include Traditional IRAs, SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, 401(k) plans, 403(b) plans, and 457(b) plans. Roth IRAs are NOT subject to RMDs during the owner's lifetime — this is one of their key advantages for estate planning.
Frequently Asked Questions
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